Core benchmark: glider
This page presents benchmark results for the glider problem across different platforms and configurations.
Ubuntu Latest CPU
This benchmark suite evaluates optimal control problems on a standard CPU platform using GitHub Actions runners.
⚙️ Configuration
Problems: balanced_field, beam, brachistochrone, bryson_denham, chain, dielectrophoretic_particle, double_oscillator, ducted_fan, electric_vehicle, glider, insurance, jackson, mountain_car, robbins, robot, rocket, space_shuttle, steering, vanderpol
Solvers: ipopt, madnlp
Models: adnlp, exa, jump
Grid sizes: 200, 500, 1000 discretization points
Discretization: trapeze method
Tolerance: 1.0e-8
Ipopt strategy: adaptive barrier parameter
Limits: 1000 iterations max, 500.0s wall time
🖥️ Environment
📅 Timestamp : 2026-03-11 14:47:54 UTC
🔧 Julia version : 1.12.5
💻 OS : Linux
🖥️ Machine : runnervm0kj6cYou can download the exact environment used for this benchmark:
📦 Project.toml - Package dependencies
📋 Manifest.toml - Complete dependency tree with versions
📜 Benchmark script - Julia script to run the benchmark
These files allow you to reproduce the benchmark environment and results exactly.
Julia Version 1.12.5
Commit 5fe89b8ddc1 (2026-02-09 16:05 UTC)
Build Info:
Official https://julialang.org release
Platform Info:
OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
CPU: 4 × AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
WORD_SIZE: 64
LLVM: libLLVM-18.1.7 (ORCJIT, znver3)
GC: Built with stock GC
Threads: 1 default, 1 interactive, 1 GC (on 4 virtual cores)
Environment:
JULIA_PKG_SERVER_REGISTRY_PREFERENCE = eager Project CTBenchmarks v0.4.1
Status `~/work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Project.toml`
[6e4b80f9] BenchmarkTools v1.6.3
⌅ [54762871] CTBase v0.16.2
[052768ef] CUDA v5.10.1
[a93c6f00] DataFrames v1.8.1
[ffbed154] DocStringExtensions v0.9.5
[b6b21f68] Ipopt v1.14.1
[682c06a0] JSON v1.4.0
[4076af6c] JuMP v1.30.0
⌅ [d72a61cc] MadNLPGPU v0.7.18
[3b83494e] MadNLPMumps v0.5.1
[f4238b75] NLPModelsIpopt v0.11.2
[5f98b655] OptimalControl v1.1.6
[59046045] OptimalControlProblems v0.5.0
[91a5bcdd] Plots v1.41.6
[10745b16] Statistics v1.11.1
[bd369af6] Tables v1.12.1
[ade2ca70] Dates v1.11.0
[b77e0a4c] InteractiveUtils v1.11.0
[44cfe95a] Pkg v1.12.1
[de0858da] Printf v1.11.0
[6462fe0b] Sockets v1.11.0
Info Packages marked with ⌅ have new versions available but compatibility constraints restrict them from upgrading. To see why use `status --outdated` Project CTBenchmarks v0.4.1
Status `~/work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Manifest.toml`
[54578032] ADNLPModels v0.8.13
[47edcb42] ADTypes v1.21.0
[14f7f29c] AMD v0.5.3
[621f4979] AbstractFFTs v1.5.0
[79e6a3ab] Adapt v4.5.0
[66dad0bd] AliasTables v1.1.3
[a9b6321e] Atomix v1.1.2
[13072b0f] AxisAlgorithms v1.1.0
[ab4f0b2a] BFloat16s v0.6.1
[6e4b80f9] BenchmarkTools v1.6.3
[d1d4a3ce] BitFlags v0.1.9
[fa961155] CEnum v0.5.0
⌅ [54762871] CTBase v0.16.2
⌅ [790bbbee] CTDirect v0.17.4
⌃ [1c39547c] CTFlows v0.8.9
⌅ [34c4fa32] CTModels v0.6.9
⌅ [32681960] CTParser v0.7.2
[052768ef] CUDA v5.10.1
[1af6417a] CUDA_Runtime_Discovery v1.0.0
[45b445bb] CUDSS v0.6.7
[d360d2e6] ChainRulesCore v1.26.0
[523fee87] CodecBzip2 v0.8.5
[944b1d66] CodecZlib v0.7.8
[35d6a980] ColorSchemes v3.31.0
[3da002f7] ColorTypes v0.12.1
[c3611d14] ColorVectorSpace v0.11.0
[5ae59095] Colors v0.13.1
[38540f10] CommonSolve v0.2.6
[bbf7d656] CommonSubexpressions v0.3.1
[34da2185] Compat v4.18.1
[f0e56b4a] ConcurrentUtilities v2.5.1
[d38c429a] Contour v0.6.3
[a8cc5b0e] Crayons v4.1.1
[9a962f9c] DataAPI v1.16.0
[a93c6f00] DataFrames v1.8.1
[864edb3b] DataStructures v0.19.3
[e2d170a0] DataValueInterfaces v1.0.0
[8bb1440f] DelimitedFiles v1.9.1
[163ba53b] DiffResults v1.1.0
[b552c78f] DiffRules v1.15.1
[ffbed154] DocStringExtensions v0.9.5
⌃ [1037b233] ExaModels v0.9.3
[460bff9d] ExceptionUnwrapping v0.1.11
[e2ba6199] ExprTools v0.1.10
[c87230d0] FFMPEG v0.4.5
[9aa1b823] FastClosures v0.3.2
[1a297f60] FillArrays v1.16.0
[53c48c17] FixedPointNumbers v0.8.5
[1fa38f19] Format v1.3.7
[f6369f11] ForwardDiff v1.3.2
[069b7b12] FunctionWrappers v1.1.3
[0c68f7d7] GPUArrays v11.4.1
[46192b85] GPUArraysCore v0.2.0
[61eb1bfa] GPUCompiler v1.8.2
[096a3bc2] GPUToolbox v1.0.0
[28b8d3ca] GR v0.73.24
[42e2da0e] Grisu v1.0.2
[34c5aeac] HSL v0.5.2
[cd3eb016] HTTP v1.11.0
[076d061b] HashArrayMappedTries v0.2.0
[842dd82b] InlineStrings v1.4.5
[a98d9a8b] Interpolations v0.16.2
[41ab1584] InvertedIndices v1.3.1
[b6b21f68] Ipopt v1.14.1
[92d709cd] IrrationalConstants v0.2.6
[82899510] IteratorInterfaceExtensions v1.0.0
[1019f520] JLFzf v0.1.11
[692b3bcd] JLLWrappers v1.7.1
[682c06a0] JSON v1.4.0
[4076af6c] JuMP v1.30.0
[63c18a36] KernelAbstractions v0.9.40
[40e66cde] LDLFactorizations v0.10.1
[929cbde3] LLVM v9.4.6
[8b046642] LLVMLoopInfo v1.0.0
[b964fa9f] LaTeXStrings v1.4.0
[23fbe1c1] Latexify v0.16.10
[5c8ed15e] LinearOperators v2.13.0
[2ab3a3ac] LogExpFunctions v0.3.29
[e6f89c97] LoggingExtras v1.2.0
[33e6dc65] MKL v0.9.1
[d8e11817] MLStyle v0.4.17
[1914dd2f] MacroTools v0.5.16
⌅ [2621e9c9] MadNLP v0.8.12
⌅ [d72a61cc] MadNLPGPU v0.7.18
[3b83494e] MadNLPMumps v0.5.1
[b8f27783] MathOptInterface v1.49.0
[739be429] MbedTLS v1.1.10
[442fdcdd] Measures v0.3.3
[2679e427] Metis v1.5.0
[e1d29d7a] Missings v1.2.0
[d8a4904e] MutableArithmetics v1.6.7
[a4795742] NLPModels v0.21.11
[f4238b75] NLPModelsIpopt v0.11.2
[e01155f1] NLPModelsModifiers v0.7.4
[5da4648a] NVTX v1.0.3
[77ba4419] NaNMath v1.1.3
[6fe1bfb0] OffsetArrays v1.17.0
[4d8831e6] OpenSSL v1.6.1
[5f98b655] OptimalControl v1.1.6
[59046045] OptimalControlProblems v0.5.0
[bac558e1] OrderedCollections v1.8.1
[d96e819e] Parameters v0.12.3
[69de0a69] Parsers v2.8.3
[ccf2f8ad] PlotThemes v3.3.0
[995b91a9] PlotUtils v1.4.4
[91a5bcdd] Plots v1.41.6
[2dfb63ee] PooledArrays v1.4.3
[aea7be01] PrecompileTools v1.3.3
[21216c6a] Preferences v1.5.2
[08abe8d2] PrettyTables v3.2.3
[43287f4e] PtrArrays v1.4.0
[be4d8f0f] Quadmath v0.5.13
[74087812] Random123 v1.7.1
[e6cf234a] RandomNumbers v1.6.0
[c84ed2f1] Ratios v0.4.5
[3cdcf5f2] RecipesBase v1.3.4
[01d81517] RecipesPipeline v0.6.12
[189a3867] Reexport v1.2.2
[05181044] RelocatableFolders v1.0.1
[ae029012] Requires v1.3.1
[37e2e3b7] ReverseDiff v1.16.2
[7e506255] ScopedValues v1.6.0
[6c6a2e73] Scratch v1.3.0
[91c51154] SentinelArrays v1.4.9
[992d4aef] Showoff v1.0.3
[777ac1f9] SimpleBufferStream v1.2.0
[ff4d7338] SolverCore v0.3.10
[a2af1166] SortingAlgorithms v1.2.2
[9f842d2f] SparseConnectivityTracer v1.2.1
[0a514795] SparseMatrixColorings v0.4.24
[276daf66] SpecialFunctions v2.7.1
[860ef19b] StableRNGs v1.0.4
[90137ffa] StaticArrays v1.9.18
[1e83bf80] StaticArraysCore v1.4.4
[10745b16] Statistics v1.11.1
[82ae8749] StatsAPI v1.8.0
[2913bbd2] StatsBase v0.34.10
[892a3eda] StringManipulation v0.4.4
[ec057cc2] StructUtils v2.6.3
[3783bdb8] TableTraits v1.0.1
[bd369af6] Tables v1.12.1
[62fd8b95] TensorCore v0.1.1
[a759f4b9] TimerOutputs v0.5.29
[e689c965] Tracy v0.1.6
[3bb67fe8] TranscodingStreams v0.11.3
[5c2747f8] URIs v1.6.1
[3a884ed6] UnPack v1.0.2
[1cfade01] UnicodeFun v0.4.1
[013be700] UnsafeAtomics v0.3.0
[41fe7b60] Unzip v0.2.0
[efce3f68] WoodburyMatrices v1.1.0
[ae81ac8f] ASL_jll v0.1.3+0
[6e34b625] Bzip2_jll v1.0.9+0
[d1e2174e] CUDA_Compiler_jll v0.4.1+1
[4ee394cb] CUDA_Driver_jll v13.2.0+0
[76a88914] CUDA_Runtime_jll v0.20.1+0
[4889d778] CUDSS_jll v0.7.1+0
[83423d85] Cairo_jll v1.18.5+1
[ee1fde0b] Dbus_jll v1.16.2+0
[2702e6a9] EpollShim_jll v0.0.20230411+1
[2e619515] Expat_jll v2.7.3+0
[b22a6f82] FFMPEG_jll v8.0.1+0
[a3f928ae] Fontconfig_jll v2.17.1+0
[d7e528f0] FreeType2_jll v2.13.4+0
[559328eb] FriBidi_jll v1.0.17+0
[0656b61e] GLFW_jll v3.4.1+0
[d2c73de3] GR_jll v0.73.24+0
[b0724c58] GettextRuntime_jll v0.22.4+0
[61579ee1] Ghostscript_jll v9.55.1+0
[7746bdde] Glib_jll v2.86.3+0
[3b182d85] Graphite2_jll v1.3.15+0
[017b0a0e] HSL_jll v4.0.4+0
[2e76f6c2] HarfBuzz_jll v8.5.1+0
[e33a78d0] Hwloc_jll v2.13.0+0
[1d5cc7b8] IntelOpenMP_jll v2025.2.0+0
[9cc047cb] Ipopt_jll v300.1400.1901+0
[aacddb02] JpegTurbo_jll v3.1.4+0
[9c1d0b0a] JuliaNVTXCallbacks_jll v0.2.1+0
[c1c5ebd0] LAME_jll v3.100.3+0
[88015f11] LERC_jll v4.0.1+0
[dad2f222] LLVMExtra_jll v0.0.38+0
[1d63c593] LLVMOpenMP_jll v18.1.8+0
[dd4b983a] LZO_jll v2.10.3+0
[ad6e5548] LibTracyClient_jll v0.13.1+0
⌅ [e9f186c6] Libffi_jll v3.4.7+0
[7e76a0d4] Libglvnd_jll v1.7.1+1
[94ce4f54] Libiconv_jll v1.18.0+0
[4b2f31a3] Libmount_jll v2.41.3+0
[89763e89] Libtiff_jll v4.7.2+0
[38a345b3] Libuuid_jll v2.41.3+0
[d00139f3] METIS_jll v5.1.3+0
[856f044c] MKL_jll v2025.2.0+0
[d7ed1dd3] MUMPS_seq_jll v500.800.200+0
[c8ffd9c3] MbedTLS_jll v2.28.1010+0
[e98f9f5b] NVTX_jll v3.2.2+0
[e7412a2a] Ogg_jll v1.3.6+0
[656ef2d0] OpenBLAS32_jll v0.3.30+0
[efe28fd5] OpenSpecFun_jll v0.5.6+0
[91d4177d] Opus_jll v1.6.1+0
[36c8627f] Pango_jll v1.57.0+0
⌅ [30392449] Pixman_jll v0.44.2+0
[c0090381] Qt6Base_jll v6.10.2+1
[629bc702] Qt6Declarative_jll v6.10.2+1
[ce943373] Qt6ShaderTools_jll v6.10.2+1
[6de9746b] Qt6Svg_jll v6.10.2+0
[e99dba38] Qt6Wayland_jll v6.10.2+1
[319450e9] SPRAL_jll v2025.9.18+0
[a44049a8] Vulkan_Loader_jll v1.3.243+0
[a2964d1f] Wayland_jll v1.24.0+0
⌅ [02c8fc9c] XML2_jll v2.13.9+0
[ffd25f8a] XZ_jll v5.8.2+0
[f67eecfb] Xorg_libICE_jll v1.1.2+0
[c834827a] Xorg_libSM_jll v1.2.6+0
[4f6342f7] Xorg_libX11_jll v1.8.13+0
[0c0b7dd1] Xorg_libXau_jll v1.0.13+0
[935fb764] Xorg_libXcursor_jll v1.2.4+0
[a3789734] Xorg_libXdmcp_jll v1.1.6+0
[1082639a] Xorg_libXext_jll v1.3.8+0
[d091e8ba] Xorg_libXfixes_jll v6.0.2+0
[a51aa0fd] Xorg_libXi_jll v1.8.3+0
[d1454406] Xorg_libXinerama_jll v1.1.7+0
[ec84b674] Xorg_libXrandr_jll v1.5.6+0
[ea2f1a96] Xorg_libXrender_jll v0.9.12+0
[a65dc6b1] Xorg_libpciaccess_jll v0.18.1+0
[c7cfdc94] Xorg_libxcb_jll v1.17.1+0
[cc61e674] Xorg_libxkbfile_jll v1.2.0+0
[e920d4aa] Xorg_xcb_util_cursor_jll v0.1.6+0
[12413925] Xorg_xcb_util_image_jll v0.4.1+0
[2def613f] Xorg_xcb_util_jll v0.4.1+0
[975044d2] Xorg_xcb_util_keysyms_jll v0.4.1+0
[0d47668e] Xorg_xcb_util_renderutil_jll v0.3.10+0
[c22f9ab0] Xorg_xcb_util_wm_jll v0.4.2+0
[35661453] Xorg_xkbcomp_jll v1.4.7+0
[33bec58e] Xorg_xkeyboard_config_jll v2.44.0+0
[c5fb5394] Xorg_xtrans_jll v1.6.0+0
[3161d3a3] Zstd_jll v1.5.7+1
[1e29f10c] demumble_jll v1.3.0+0
[35ca27e7] eudev_jll v3.2.14+0
[214eeab7] fzf_jll v0.61.1+0
[a4ae2306] libaom_jll v3.13.1+0
[0ac62f75] libass_jll v0.17.4+0
[1183f4f0] libdecor_jll v0.2.2+0
[2db6ffa8] libevdev_jll v1.13.4+0
[f638f0a6] libfdk_aac_jll v2.0.4+0
[36db933b] libinput_jll v1.28.1+0
[b53b4c65] libpng_jll v1.6.55+0
[f27f6e37] libvorbis_jll v1.3.8+0
[009596ad] mtdev_jll v1.1.7+0
[1317d2d5] oneTBB_jll v2022.0.0+1
⌅ [1270edf5] x264_jll v10164.0.1+0
[dfaa095f] x265_jll v4.1.0+0
[d8fb68d0] xkbcommon_jll v1.13.0+0
[0dad84c5] ArgTools v1.1.2
[56f22d72] Artifacts v1.11.0
[2a0f44e3] Base64 v1.11.0
[ade2ca70] Dates v1.11.0
[8ba89e20] Distributed v1.11.0
[f43a241f] Downloads v1.7.0
[7b1f6079] FileWatching v1.11.0
[9fa8497b] Future v1.11.0
[b77e0a4c] InteractiveUtils v1.11.0
[ac6e5ff7] JuliaSyntaxHighlighting v1.12.0
[4af54fe1] LazyArtifacts v1.11.0
[b27032c2] LibCURL v0.6.4
[76f85450] LibGit2 v1.11.0
[8f399da3] Libdl v1.11.0
[37e2e46d] LinearAlgebra v1.12.0
[56ddb016] Logging v1.11.0
[d6f4376e] Markdown v1.11.0
[a63ad114] Mmap v1.11.0
[ca575930] NetworkOptions v1.3.0
[44cfe95a] Pkg v1.12.1
[de0858da] Printf v1.11.0
[9abbd945] Profile v1.11.0
[3fa0cd96] REPL v1.11.0
[9a3f8284] Random v1.11.0
[ea8e919c] SHA v0.7.0
[9e88b42a] Serialization v1.11.0
[1a1011a3] SharedArrays v1.11.0
[6462fe0b] Sockets v1.11.0
[2f01184e] SparseArrays v1.12.0
[f489334b] StyledStrings v1.11.0
[4607b0f0] SuiteSparse
[fa267f1f] TOML v1.0.3
[a4e569a6] Tar v1.10.0
[8dfed614] Test v1.11.0
[cf7118a7] UUIDs v1.11.0
[4ec0a83e] Unicode v1.11.0
[e66e0078] CompilerSupportLibraries_jll v1.3.0+1
[deac9b47] LibCURL_jll v8.15.0+0
[e37daf67] LibGit2_jll v1.9.0+0
[29816b5a] LibSSH2_jll v1.11.3+1
[14a3606d] MozillaCACerts_jll v2025.11.4
[4536629a] OpenBLAS_jll v0.3.29+0
[05823500] OpenLibm_jll v0.8.7+0
[458c3c95] OpenSSL_jll v3.5.4+0
[efcefdf7] PCRE2_jll v10.44.0+1
[bea87d4a] SuiteSparse_jll v7.8.3+2
[83775a58] Zlib_jll v1.3.1+2
[8e850b90] libblastrampoline_jll v5.15.0+0
[8e850ede] nghttp2_jll v1.64.0+1
[3f19e933] p7zip_jll v17.7.0+0
Info Packages marked with ⌃ and ⌅ have new versions available. Those with ⌃ may be upgradable, but those with ⌅ are restricted by compatibility constraints from upgrading. To see why use `status --outdated -m` 📈 Time vs Grid Size (Ubuntu Latest CPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 200 (Ubuntu Latest CPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 500 (Ubuntu Latest CPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 1000 (Ubuntu Latest CPU)
📊 Table of Results (Ubuntu Latest CPU)
Problem: glider
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | 200 | adnlp | ipopt | 556.702 | 78 | -1248.896363 | min | |
| ✓ | 200 | adnlp | madnlp | 544.469 | 83 | -1248.896363 | min | |
| ✓ | 200 | exa | ipopt | 314.886 | 78 | -1248.896363 | min | |
| ✓ | 200 | exa | madnlp | 308.306 | 112 | -1248.896363 | min | ✓ |
| ✓ | 200 | jump | ipopt | 548.303 | 78 | -1248.896363 | min | |
| ✓ | 200 | jump | madnlp | 579.993 | 92 | -1248.896363 | min |
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | 500 | adnlp | ipopt | 24834.049 | 40 | -1247.978430 | min | |
| ✓ | 500 | adnlp | madnlp | 3370.297 | 171 | -1247.978430 | min | |
| ✓ | 500 | exa | ipopt | 23148.596 | 68 | -1247.978430 | min | |
| ✓ | 500 | exa | madnlp | 1285.104 | 172 | -1247.978430 | min | ✓ |
| ✓ | 500 | jump | ipopt | 28310.238 | 68 | -1247.978430 | min | |
| ✓ | 500 | jump | madnlp | 3438.241 | 182 | -1247.978430 | min |
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✗ | 1000 | adnlp | ipopt | 531483.166 | 19 | -1058.874459 | min | |
| ✓ | 1000 | adnlp | madnlp | 8057.528 | 148 | -1247.985216 | min | |
| ✗ | 1000 | exa | ipopt | 539281.105 | 18 | -1058.874458 | min | |
| ✓ | 1000 | exa | madnlp | 1898.162 | 124 | -1247.985216 | min | ✓ |
| ✗ | 1000 | jump | ipopt | 503776.252 | 20 | -1058.874516 | min | |
| ✓ | 1000 | jump | madnlp | 4419.617 | 107 | -1247.985216 | min |
Benchmarks results:
┌─ Problem: glider
│
├──┬ Solver: ipopt, Discretization: trapeze
│ │
│ │ N = 200
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 548.303 ms | iters: 78 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 98.25 KiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 556.702 ms | iters: 78 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 76.78 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 314.886 ms | iters: 78 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 268.72 KiB
│ │
│ │ N = 500
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 28.310 s | iters: 68 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 88.16 KiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 24.834 s | iters: 40 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 101.34 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 23.149 s | iters: 68 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 370.61 KiB
│ │
│ │ N = 1000
│ │ ✗ | jump | time: 503.776 s | iters: 20 | obj: -1.058875e+03 (min) | CPU: 26.41 KiB
│ │ ✗ | adnlp | time: 531.483 s | iters: 19 | obj: -1.058874e+03 (min) | CPU: 99.01 MiB
│ │ ✗ | exa | time: 539.281 s | iters: 18 | obj: -1.058874e+03 (min) | CPU: 500.39 KiB
│ └─
│
├──┬ Solver: madnlp, Discretization: trapeze
│ │
│ │ N = 200
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 579.993 ms | iters: 92 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 56.83 MiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 544.469 ms | iters: 83 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 95.23 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 308.306 ms | iters: 112 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 14.30 MiB
│ │
│ │ N = 500
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 3.438 s | iters: 182 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 162.29 MiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 3.370 s | iters: 171 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 472.36 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 1.285 s | iters: 172 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 49.93 MiB
│ │
│ │ N = 1000
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 4.420 s | iters: 107 | obj: -1.247985e+03 (min) | CPU: 289.82 MiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 8.058 s | iters: 148 | obj: -1.247985e+03 (min) | CPU: 826.72 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 1.898 s | iters: 124 | obj: -1.247985e+03 (min) | CPU: 71.83 MiB
│ └─
└─KKT CPU
Results on self-hosted KKT hardware.
⚙️ Configuration
Problems: balanced_field, beam, brachistochrone, bryson_denham, chain, dielectrophoretic_particle, double_oscillator, ducted_fan, electric_vehicle, glider, insurance, jackson, mountain_car, robbins, robot, rocket, space_shuttle, steering, vanderpol
Solvers: ipopt, madnlp
Models: adnlp, exa, jump
Grid sizes: 200, 500, 1000, 2000 discretization points
Discretization: trapeze method
Tolerance: 1.0e-8
Ipopt strategy: adaptive barrier parameter
Limits: 1000 iterations max, 500.0s wall time
🖥️ Environment
📅 Timestamp : 2026-03-11 01:25:20 UTC
🔧 Julia version : 1.12.4
💻 OS : Linux
🖥️ Machine : kkt.mcs.anl.govYou can download the exact environment used for this benchmark:
📦 Project.toml - Package dependencies
📋 Manifest.toml - Complete dependency tree with versions
📜 Benchmark script - Julia script to run the benchmark
These files allow you to reproduce the benchmark environment and results exactly.
Julia Version 1.12.4
Commit 01a2eadb047 (2026-01-06 16:56 UTC)
Build Info:
Official https://julialang.org release
Platform Info:
OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
CPU: 192 × INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8568Y+
WORD_SIZE: 64
LLVM: libLLVM-18.1.7 (ORCJIT, sapphirerapids)
GC: Built with stock GC
Threads: 1 default, 1 interactive, 1 GC (on 192 virtual cores)
Environment:
JULIA_CUDSS_LIBRARY_PATH = /software/libcudss/libcudss-linux-x86_64-0.7.1.4_cuda13-archive/lib
JULIA_LOAD_PATH = @:@v#.#:@stdlib:/software/julia/environments/v1.12
JULIA_PKG_SERVER_REGISTRY_PREFERENCE = eager
JULIA_DEPOT_PATH = /storage/mschanen/github-actions/julia_depot
LD_LIBRARY_PATH = /software/julia/julia_binaries/julia-1.12/lib:/software/mpich-ofi/lib:/software/libcudss/libcudss-linux-x86_64-0.7.1.4_cuda13-archive/lib:/usr/local/cuda/lib Project CTBenchmarks v0.3.1
Status `/storage/mschanen/github-actions/actions_runner_ct/_work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Project.toml`
[6e4b80f9] BenchmarkTools v1.6.3
⌅ [54762871] CTBase v0.16.2
[052768ef] CUDA v5.10.1
[a93c6f00] DataFrames v1.8.1
[ffbed154] DocStringExtensions v0.9.5
[b6b21f68] Ipopt v1.14.1
[682c06a0] JSON v1.4.0
[4076af6c] JuMP v1.30.0
⌅ [d72a61cc] MadNLPGPU v0.7.18
[3b83494e] MadNLPMumps v0.5.1
[f4238b75] NLPModelsIpopt v0.11.2
⌅ [5f98b655] OptimalControl v1.1.6
[59046045] OptimalControlProblems v0.5.0
[91a5bcdd] Plots v1.41.6
[10745b16] Statistics v1.11.1
[bd369af6] Tables v1.12.1
[ade2ca70] Dates v1.11.0
[b77e0a4c] InteractiveUtils v1.11.0
[44cfe95a] Pkg v1.12.1
[de0858da] Printf v1.11.0
[6462fe0b] Sockets v1.11.0
Info Packages marked with ⌅ have new versions available but compatibility constraints restrict them from upgrading. To see why use `status --outdated` Project CTBenchmarks v0.3.1
Status `/storage/mschanen/github-actions/actions_runner_ct/_work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Manifest.toml`
[54578032] ADNLPModels v0.8.13
[47edcb42] ADTypes v1.21.0
[14f7f29c] AMD v0.5.3
[621f4979] AbstractFFTs v1.5.0
[79e6a3ab] Adapt v4.5.0
[66dad0bd] AliasTables v1.1.3
[a9b6321e] Atomix v1.1.2
[13072b0f] AxisAlgorithms v1.1.0
[ab4f0b2a] BFloat16s v0.6.1
[6e4b80f9] BenchmarkTools v1.6.3
[d1d4a3ce] BitFlags v0.1.9
[fa961155] CEnum v0.5.0
⌅ [54762871] CTBase v0.16.2
⌅ [790bbbee] CTDirect v0.17.5-beta
⌃ [1c39547c] CTFlows v0.8.12-beta
⌅ [34c4fa32] CTModels v0.6.10-beta.2
⌅ [32681960] CTParser v0.7.3-beta
[052768ef] CUDA v5.10.1
[1af6417a] CUDA_Runtime_Discovery v1.0.0
[45b445bb] CUDSS v0.6.7
[d360d2e6] ChainRulesCore v1.26.0
[523fee87] CodecBzip2 v0.8.5
[944b1d66] CodecZlib v0.7.8
[35d6a980] ColorSchemes v3.31.0
[3da002f7] ColorTypes v0.12.1
[c3611d14] ColorVectorSpace v0.11.0
[5ae59095] Colors v0.13.1
[38540f10] CommonSolve v0.2.6
[bbf7d656] CommonSubexpressions v0.3.1
[34da2185] Compat v4.18.1
[f0e56b4a] ConcurrentUtilities v2.5.1
[d38c429a] Contour v0.6.3
[a8cc5b0e] Crayons v4.1.1
[9a962f9c] DataAPI v1.16.0
[a93c6f00] DataFrames v1.8.1
[864edb3b] DataStructures v0.19.3
[e2d170a0] DataValueInterfaces v1.0.0
[8bb1440f] DelimitedFiles v1.9.1
[163ba53b] DiffResults v1.1.0
[b552c78f] DiffRules v1.15.1
[ffbed154] DocStringExtensions v0.9.5
⌃ [1037b233] ExaModels v0.9.3
[460bff9d] ExceptionUnwrapping v0.1.11
[e2ba6199] ExprTools v0.1.10
[c87230d0] FFMPEG v0.4.5
[9aa1b823] FastClosures v0.3.2
[1a297f60] FillArrays v1.16.0
[53c48c17] FixedPointNumbers v0.8.5
[1fa38f19] Format v1.3.7
[f6369f11] ForwardDiff v1.3.2
[069b7b12] FunctionWrappers v1.1.3
[0c68f7d7] GPUArrays v11.4.1
[46192b85] GPUArraysCore v0.2.0
[61eb1bfa] GPUCompiler v1.8.2
[096a3bc2] GPUToolbox v1.0.0
[28b8d3ca] GR v0.73.24
[42e2da0e] Grisu v1.0.2
[34c5aeac] HSL v0.5.2
[cd3eb016] HTTP v1.11.0
[076d061b] HashArrayMappedTries v0.2.0
[842dd82b] InlineStrings v1.4.5
[a98d9a8b] Interpolations v0.16.2
[41ab1584] InvertedIndices v1.3.1
[b6b21f68] Ipopt v1.14.1
[92d709cd] IrrationalConstants v0.2.6
[82899510] IteratorInterfaceExtensions v1.0.0
[1019f520] JLFzf v0.1.11
[692b3bcd] JLLWrappers v1.7.1
[682c06a0] JSON v1.4.0
[4076af6c] JuMP v1.30.0
[63c18a36] KernelAbstractions v0.9.40
[40e66cde] LDLFactorizations v0.10.1
[929cbde3] LLVM v9.4.6
[8b046642] LLVMLoopInfo v1.0.0
[b964fa9f] LaTeXStrings v1.4.0
[23fbe1c1] Latexify v0.16.10
[5c8ed15e] LinearOperators v2.13.0
[2ab3a3ac] LogExpFunctions v0.3.29
[e6f89c97] LoggingExtras v1.2.0
[33e6dc65] MKL v0.9.1
[d8e11817] MLStyle v0.4.17
[1914dd2f] MacroTools v0.5.16
⌅ [2621e9c9] MadNLP v0.8.12
⌅ [d72a61cc] MadNLPGPU v0.7.18
[3b83494e] MadNLPMumps v0.5.1
[b8f27783] MathOptInterface v1.49.0
[739be429] MbedTLS v1.1.10
[442fdcdd] Measures v0.3.3
[2679e427] Metis v1.5.0
[e1d29d7a] Missings v1.2.0
[d8a4904e] MutableArithmetics v1.6.7
[a4795742] NLPModels v0.21.11
[f4238b75] NLPModelsIpopt v0.11.2
[e01155f1] NLPModelsModifiers v0.7.4
[5da4648a] NVTX v1.0.3
[77ba4419] NaNMath v1.1.3
[6fe1bfb0] OffsetArrays v1.17.0
[4d8831e6] OpenSSL v1.6.1
⌅ [5f98b655] OptimalControl v1.1.6
[59046045] OptimalControlProblems v0.5.0
[bac558e1] OrderedCollections v1.8.1
[d96e819e] Parameters v0.12.3
[69de0a69] Parsers v2.8.3
[ccf2f8ad] PlotThemes v3.3.0
[995b91a9] PlotUtils v1.4.4
[91a5bcdd] Plots v1.41.6
[2dfb63ee] PooledArrays v1.4.3
[aea7be01] PrecompileTools v1.3.3
[21216c6a] Preferences v1.5.2
[08abe8d2] PrettyTables v3.2.3
[43287f4e] PtrArrays v1.4.0
[be4d8f0f] Quadmath v0.5.13
[74087812] Random123 v1.7.1
[e6cf234a] RandomNumbers v1.6.0
[c84ed2f1] Ratios v0.4.5
[3cdcf5f2] RecipesBase v1.3.4
[01d81517] RecipesPipeline v0.6.12
[189a3867] Reexport v1.2.2
[05181044] RelocatableFolders v1.0.1
[ae029012] Requires v1.3.1
[37e2e3b7] ReverseDiff v1.16.2
[7e506255] ScopedValues v1.6.0
[6c6a2e73] Scratch v1.3.0
[91c51154] SentinelArrays v1.4.9
[992d4aef] Showoff v1.0.3
[777ac1f9] SimpleBufferStream v1.2.0
[ff4d7338] SolverCore v0.3.10
[a2af1166] SortingAlgorithms v1.2.2
[9f842d2f] SparseConnectivityTracer v1.2.1
[0a514795] SparseMatrixColorings v0.4.24
[276daf66] SpecialFunctions v2.7.1
[860ef19b] StableRNGs v1.0.4
[90137ffa] StaticArrays v1.9.17
[1e83bf80] StaticArraysCore v1.4.4
[10745b16] Statistics v1.11.1
[82ae8749] StatsAPI v1.8.0
[2913bbd2] StatsBase v0.34.10
[892a3eda] StringManipulation v0.4.4
[ec057cc2] StructUtils v2.6.3
[3783bdb8] TableTraits v1.0.1
[bd369af6] Tables v1.12.1
[62fd8b95] TensorCore v0.1.1
[a759f4b9] TimerOutputs v0.5.29
[e689c965] Tracy v0.1.6
[3bb67fe8] TranscodingStreams v0.11.3
[5c2747f8] URIs v1.6.1
[3a884ed6] UnPack v1.0.2
[1cfade01] UnicodeFun v0.4.1
[013be700] UnsafeAtomics v0.3.0
[41fe7b60] Unzip v0.2.0
[efce3f68] WoodburyMatrices v1.1.0
[ae81ac8f] ASL_jll v0.1.3+0
[6e34b625] Bzip2_jll v1.0.9+0
[d1e2174e] CUDA_Compiler_jll v0.4.1+1
[4ee394cb] CUDA_Driver_jll v13.1.1+0
[76a88914] CUDA_Runtime_jll v0.20.1+0
[4889d778] CUDSS_jll v0.7.1+0
[83423d85] Cairo_jll v1.18.5+1
[ee1fde0b] Dbus_jll v1.16.2+0
[2702e6a9] EpollShim_jll v0.0.20230411+1
[2e619515] Expat_jll v2.7.3+0
[b22a6f82] FFMPEG_jll v8.0.1+0
[a3f928ae] Fontconfig_jll v2.17.1+0
[d7e528f0] FreeType2_jll v2.13.4+0
[559328eb] FriBidi_jll v1.0.17+0
[0656b61e] GLFW_jll v3.4.1+0
[d2c73de3] GR_jll v0.73.24+0
[b0724c58] GettextRuntime_jll v0.22.4+0
[61579ee1] Ghostscript_jll v9.55.1+0
[7746bdde] Glib_jll v2.86.3+0
[3b182d85] Graphite2_jll v1.3.15+0
[017b0a0e] HSL_jll v4.0.4+0
[2e76f6c2] HarfBuzz_jll v8.5.1+0
[e33a78d0] Hwloc_jll v2.13.0+0
[1d5cc7b8] IntelOpenMP_jll v2025.2.0+0
[9cc047cb] Ipopt_jll v300.1400.1901+0
[aacddb02] JpegTurbo_jll v3.1.4+0
[9c1d0b0a] JuliaNVTXCallbacks_jll v0.2.1+0
[c1c5ebd0] LAME_jll v3.100.3+0
[88015f11] LERC_jll v4.0.1+0
[dad2f222] LLVMExtra_jll v0.0.38+0
[1d63c593] LLVMOpenMP_jll v18.1.8+0
[dd4b983a] LZO_jll v2.10.3+0
[ad6e5548] LibTracyClient_jll v0.13.1+0
⌅ [e9f186c6] Libffi_jll v3.4.7+0
[7e76a0d4] Libglvnd_jll v1.7.1+1
[94ce4f54] Libiconv_jll v1.18.0+0
[4b2f31a3] Libmount_jll v2.41.3+0
[89763e89] Libtiff_jll v4.7.2+0
[38a345b3] Libuuid_jll v2.41.3+0
[d00139f3] METIS_jll v5.1.3+0
[856f044c] MKL_jll v2025.2.0+0
[d7ed1dd3] MUMPS_seq_jll v500.800.200+0
[c8ffd9c3] MbedTLS_jll v2.28.1010+0
[e98f9f5b] NVTX_jll v3.2.2+0
[e7412a2a] Ogg_jll v1.3.6+0
[656ef2d0] OpenBLAS32_jll v0.3.30+0
[efe28fd5] OpenSpecFun_jll v0.5.6+0
[91d4177d] Opus_jll v1.6.1+0
[36c8627f] Pango_jll v1.57.0+0
⌅ [30392449] Pixman_jll v0.44.2+0
[c0090381] Qt6Base_jll v6.10.2+1
[629bc702] Qt6Declarative_jll v6.10.2+1
[ce943373] Qt6ShaderTools_jll v6.10.2+1
[6de9746b] Qt6Svg_jll v6.10.2+0
[e99dba38] Qt6Wayland_jll v6.10.2+1
[319450e9] SPRAL_jll v2025.9.18+0
[a44049a8] Vulkan_Loader_jll v1.3.243+0
[a2964d1f] Wayland_jll v1.24.0+0
⌅ [02c8fc9c] XML2_jll v2.13.9+0
[ffd25f8a] XZ_jll v5.8.2+0
[f67eecfb] Xorg_libICE_jll v1.1.2+0
[c834827a] Xorg_libSM_jll v1.2.6+0
[4f6342f7] Xorg_libX11_jll v1.8.13+0
[0c0b7dd1] Xorg_libXau_jll v1.0.13+0
[935fb764] Xorg_libXcursor_jll v1.2.4+0
[a3789734] Xorg_libXdmcp_jll v1.1.6+0
[1082639a] Xorg_libXext_jll v1.3.8+0
[d091e8ba] Xorg_libXfixes_jll v6.0.2+0
[a51aa0fd] Xorg_libXi_jll v1.8.3+0
[d1454406] Xorg_libXinerama_jll v1.1.7+0
[ec84b674] Xorg_libXrandr_jll v1.5.6+0
[ea2f1a96] Xorg_libXrender_jll v0.9.12+0
[a65dc6b1] Xorg_libpciaccess_jll v0.18.1+0
[c7cfdc94] Xorg_libxcb_jll v1.17.1+0
[cc61e674] Xorg_libxkbfile_jll v1.2.0+0
[e920d4aa] Xorg_xcb_util_cursor_jll v0.1.6+0
[12413925] Xorg_xcb_util_image_jll v0.4.1+0
[2def613f] Xorg_xcb_util_jll v0.4.1+0
[975044d2] Xorg_xcb_util_keysyms_jll v0.4.1+0
[0d47668e] Xorg_xcb_util_renderutil_jll v0.3.10+0
[c22f9ab0] Xorg_xcb_util_wm_jll v0.4.2+0
[35661453] Xorg_xkbcomp_jll v1.4.7+0
[33bec58e] Xorg_xkeyboard_config_jll v2.44.0+0
[c5fb5394] Xorg_xtrans_jll v1.6.0+0
[3161d3a3] Zstd_jll v1.5.7+1
[1e29f10c] demumble_jll v1.3.0+0
[35ca27e7] eudev_jll v3.2.14+0
[214eeab7] fzf_jll v0.61.1+0
[a4ae2306] libaom_jll v3.13.1+0
[0ac62f75] libass_jll v0.17.4+0
[1183f4f0] libdecor_jll v0.2.2+0
[2db6ffa8] libevdev_jll v1.13.4+0
[f638f0a6] libfdk_aac_jll v2.0.4+0
[36db933b] libinput_jll v1.28.1+0
[b53b4c65] libpng_jll v1.6.55+0
[f27f6e37] libvorbis_jll v1.3.8+0
[009596ad] mtdev_jll v1.1.7+0
[1317d2d5] oneTBB_jll v2022.0.0+1
⌅ [1270edf5] x264_jll v10164.0.1+0
[dfaa095f] x265_jll v4.1.0+0
[d8fb68d0] xkbcommon_jll v1.13.0+0
[0dad84c5] ArgTools v1.1.2
[56f22d72] Artifacts v1.11.0
[2a0f44e3] Base64 v1.11.0
[ade2ca70] Dates v1.11.0
[8ba89e20] Distributed v1.11.0
[f43a241f] Downloads v1.7.0
[7b1f6079] FileWatching v1.11.0
[9fa8497b] Future v1.11.0
[b77e0a4c] InteractiveUtils v1.11.0
[ac6e5ff7] JuliaSyntaxHighlighting v1.12.0
[4af54fe1] LazyArtifacts v1.11.0
[b27032c2] LibCURL v0.6.4
[76f85450] LibGit2 v1.11.0
[8f399da3] Libdl v1.11.0
[37e2e46d] LinearAlgebra v1.12.0
[56ddb016] Logging v1.11.0
[d6f4376e] Markdown v1.11.0
[a63ad114] Mmap v1.11.0
[ca575930] NetworkOptions v1.3.0
[44cfe95a] Pkg v1.12.1
[de0858da] Printf v1.11.0
[9abbd945] Profile v1.11.0
[3fa0cd96] REPL v1.11.0
[9a3f8284] Random v1.11.0
[ea8e919c] SHA v0.7.0
[9e88b42a] Serialization v1.11.0
[1a1011a3] SharedArrays v1.11.0
[6462fe0b] Sockets v1.11.0
[2f01184e] SparseArrays v1.12.0
[f489334b] StyledStrings v1.11.0
[4607b0f0] SuiteSparse
[fa267f1f] TOML v1.0.3
[a4e569a6] Tar v1.10.0
[8dfed614] Test v1.11.0
[cf7118a7] UUIDs v1.11.0
[4ec0a83e] Unicode v1.11.0
[e66e0078] CompilerSupportLibraries_jll v1.3.0+1
[deac9b47] LibCURL_jll v8.15.0+0
[e37daf67] LibGit2_jll v1.9.0+0
[29816b5a] LibSSH2_jll v1.11.3+1
[14a3606d] MozillaCACerts_jll v2025.11.4
[4536629a] OpenBLAS_jll v0.3.29+0
[05823500] OpenLibm_jll v0.8.7+0
[458c3c95] OpenSSL_jll v3.5.4+0
[efcefdf7] PCRE2_jll v10.44.0+1
[bea87d4a] SuiteSparse_jll v7.8.3+2
[83775a58] Zlib_jll v1.3.1+2
[8e850b90] libblastrampoline_jll v5.15.0+0
[8e850ede] nghttp2_jll v1.64.0+1
[3f19e933] p7zip_jll v17.7.0+0
Info Packages marked with ⌃ and ⌅ have new versions available. Those with ⌃ may be upgradable, but those with ⌅ are restricted by compatibility constraints from upgrading. To see why use `status --outdated -m` 📈 Time vs Grid Size (KKT CPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 200 (KKT CPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 500 (KKT CPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 1000 (KKT CPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 2000 (KKT CPU)
📊 Table of Results (KKT CPU)
Problem: glider
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | 200 | adnlp | ipopt | 426.605 | 78 | -1248.896363 | min | |
| ✓ | 200 | adnlp | madnlp | 463.597 | 83 | -1248.896363 | min | |
| ✓ | 200 | exa | ipopt | 228.191 | 78 | -1248.896363 | min | |
| ✓ | 200 | exa | madnlp | 169.078 | 86 | -1248.896363 | min | ✓ |
| ✓ | 200 | jump | ipopt | 350.470 | 78 | -1248.896363 | min | |
| ✓ | 200 | jump | madnlp | 414.842 | 106 | -1248.896363 | min |
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | 500 | adnlp | ipopt | 28402.359 | 68 | -1247.978430 | min | |
| ✓ | 500 | adnlp | madnlp | 2356.821 | 210 | -1247.978430 | min | |
| ✓ | 500 | exa | ipopt | 22930.735 | 68 | -1247.978430 | min | |
| ✓ | 500 | exa | madnlp | 961.809 | 194 | -1247.978430 | min | ✓ |
| ✓ | 500 | jump | ipopt | 28095.638 | 68 | -1247.978430 | min | |
| ✓ | 500 | jump | madnlp | 1708.033 | 175 | -1247.978430 | min |
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✗ | 1000 | adnlp | ipopt | 523805.908 | 21 | -1058.884633 | min | |
| ✓ | 1000 | adnlp | madnlp | 2458.365 | 102 | -1247.985216 | min | |
| ✗ | 1000 | exa | ipopt | 510327.118 | 20 | -1058.874515 | min | |
| ✓ | 1000 | exa | madnlp | 1457.279 | 150 | -1247.985216 | min | ✓ |
| ✗ | 1000 | jump | ipopt | 521644.819 | 21 | -1058.884492 | min | |
| ✓ | 1000 | jump | madnlp | 1934.478 | 97 | -1247.985216 | min |
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | 2000 | adnlp | ipopt | 1812.606 | 38 | -1247.986999 | min | |
| ✓ | 2000 | adnlp | madnlp | 7446.530 | 139 | -1247.986999 | min | |
| ✓ | 2000 | exa | ipopt | 966.748 | 38 | -1247.986999 | min | ✓ |
| ✓ | 2000 | exa | madnlp | 2123.268 | 86 | -1247.986999 | min | |
| ✓ | 2000 | jump | ipopt | 1561.602 | 38 | -1247.986999 | min | |
| ✓ | 2000 | jump | madnlp | 2742.309 | 58 | -1247.986999 | min |
Benchmarks results:
┌─ Problem: glider
│
├──┬ Solver: ipopt, Discretization: trapeze
│ │
│ │ N = 200
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 350.470 ms | iters: 78 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 98.25 KiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 426.605 ms | iters: 78 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 76.78 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 228.191 ms | iters: 78 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 268.72 KiB
│ │
│ │ N = 500
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 28.096 s | iters: 68 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 88.16 KiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 28.402 s | iters: 68 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 168.26 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 22.931 s | iters: 68 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 370.61 KiB
│ │
│ │ N = 1000
│ │ ✗ | jump | time: 521.645 s | iters: 21 | obj: -1.058884e+03 (min) | CPU: 27.64 KiB
│ │ ✗ | adnlp | time: 523.806 s | iters: 21 | obj: -1.058885e+03 (min) | CPU: 108.56 MiB
│ │ ✗ | exa | time: 510.327 s | iters: 20 | obj: -1.058875e+03 (min) | CPU: 502.45 KiB
│ │
│ │ N = 2000
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 1.562 s | iters: 38 | obj: -1.247987e+03 (min) | CPU: 48.62 KiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 1.813 s | iters: 38 | obj: -1.247987e+03 (min) | CPU: 378.92 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 966.748 ms | iters: 38 | obj: -1.247987e+03 (min) | CPU: 888.20 KiB
│ └─
│
├──┬ Solver: madnlp, Discretization: trapeze
│ │
│ │ N = 200
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 414.842 ms | iters: 106 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 58.00 MiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 463.597 ms | iters: 83 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 95.23 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 169.078 ms | iters: 86 | obj: -1.248896e+03 (min) | CPU: 12.60 MiB
│ │
│ │ N = 500
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 1.708 s | iters: 175 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 160.81 MiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 2.357 s | iters: 210 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 568.66 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 961.809 ms | iters: 194 | obj: -1.247978e+03 (min) | CPU: 52.99 MiB
│ │
│ │ N = 1000
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 1.934 s | iters: 97 | obj: -1.247985e+03 (min) | CPU: 285.80 MiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 2.458 s | iters: 102 | obj: -1.247985e+03 (min) | CPU: 562.93 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 1.457 s | iters: 150 | obj: -1.247985e+03 (min) | CPU: 84.72 MiB
│ │
│ │ N = 2000
│ │ ✓ | jump | time: 2.742 s | iters: 58 | obj: -1.247987e+03 (min) | CPU: 536.37 MiB
│ │ ✓ | adnlp | time: 7.447 s | iters: 139 | obj: -1.247987e+03 (min) | CPU: 1.47 GiB
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 2.123 s | iters: 86 | obj: -1.247987e+03 (min) | CPU: 117.35 MiB
│ └─
└─KKT GPU
Results on self-hosted KKT hardware.
⚙️ Configuration
Problems: balanced_field, beam, brachistochrone, bryson_denham, chain, dielectrophoretic_particle, double_oscillator, ducted_fan, electric_vehicle, glider, insurance, jackson, mountain_car, robbins, robot, rocket, space_shuttle, steering, vanderpol
Solvers: madnlp
Models: exa, exa_gpu
Grid sizes: 1000, 5000, 10000, 20000 discretization points
Discretization: midpoint method
Tolerance: 1.0e-8
Ipopt strategy: adaptive barrier parameter
Limits: 1000 iterations max, 2000.0s wall time
🖥️ Environment
📅 Timestamp : 2026-03-10 19:50:42 UTC
🔧 Julia version : 1.12.4
💻 OS : Linux
🖥️ Machine : kkt.mcs.anl.govYou can download the exact environment used for this benchmark:
📦 Project.toml - Package dependencies
📋 Manifest.toml - Complete dependency tree with versions
📜 Benchmark script - Julia script to run the benchmark
These files allow you to reproduce the benchmark environment and results exactly.
Julia Version 1.12.4
Commit 01a2eadb047 (2026-01-06 16:56 UTC)
Build Info:
Official https://julialang.org release
Platform Info:
OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
CPU: 192 × INTEL(R) XEON(R) PLATINUM 8568Y+
WORD_SIZE: 64
LLVM: libLLVM-18.1.7 (ORCJIT, sapphirerapids)
GC: Built with stock GC
Threads: 1 default, 1 interactive, 1 GC (on 192 virtual cores)
Environment:
JULIA_CUDSS_LIBRARY_PATH = /software/libcudss/libcudss-linux-x86_64-0.7.1.4_cuda13-archive/lib
JULIA_LOAD_PATH = @:@v#.#:@stdlib:/software/julia/environments/v1.12
JULIA_PKG_SERVER_REGISTRY_PREFERENCE = eager
JULIA_DEPOT_PATH = /storage/mschanen/github-actions/julia_depot
LD_LIBRARY_PATH = /software/julia/julia_binaries/julia-1.12/lib:/software/mpich-ofi/lib:/software/libcudss/libcudss-linux-x86_64-0.7.1.4_cuda13-archive/lib:/usr/local/cuda/lib Project CTBenchmarks v0.3.1
Status `/storage/mschanen/github-actions/actions_runner_ct/_work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Project.toml`
[6e4b80f9] BenchmarkTools v1.6.3
⌅ [54762871] CTBase v0.16.2
[052768ef] CUDA v5.10.1
[a93c6f00] DataFrames v1.8.1
[ffbed154] DocStringExtensions v0.9.5
[b6b21f68] Ipopt v1.14.1
[682c06a0] JSON v1.4.0
[4076af6c] JuMP v1.30.0
⌅ [d72a61cc] MadNLPGPU v0.7.18
[3b83494e] MadNLPMumps v0.5.1
[f4238b75] NLPModelsIpopt v0.11.2
⌅ [5f98b655] OptimalControl v1.1.6
[59046045] OptimalControlProblems v0.5.0
[91a5bcdd] Plots v1.41.6
[10745b16] Statistics v1.11.1
[bd369af6] Tables v1.12.1
[ade2ca70] Dates v1.11.0
[b77e0a4c] InteractiveUtils v1.11.0
[44cfe95a] Pkg v1.12.1
[de0858da] Printf v1.11.0
[6462fe0b] Sockets v1.11.0
Info Packages marked with ⌅ have new versions available but compatibility constraints restrict them from upgrading. To see why use `status --outdated` Project CTBenchmarks v0.3.1
Status `/storage/mschanen/github-actions/actions_runner_ct/_work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Manifest.toml`
[54578032] ADNLPModels v0.8.13
[47edcb42] ADTypes v1.21.0
[14f7f29c] AMD v0.5.3
[621f4979] AbstractFFTs v1.5.0
[79e6a3ab] Adapt v4.5.0
[66dad0bd] AliasTables v1.1.3
[a9b6321e] Atomix v1.1.2
[13072b0f] AxisAlgorithms v1.1.0
[ab4f0b2a] BFloat16s v0.6.1
[6e4b80f9] BenchmarkTools v1.6.3
[d1d4a3ce] BitFlags v0.1.9
[fa961155] CEnum v0.5.0
⌅ [54762871] CTBase v0.16.2
⌅ [790bbbee] CTDirect v0.17.5-beta
⌃ [1c39547c] CTFlows v0.8.12-beta
⌅ [34c4fa32] CTModels v0.6.10-beta.2
⌅ [32681960] CTParser v0.7.3-beta
[052768ef] CUDA v5.10.1
[1af6417a] CUDA_Runtime_Discovery v1.0.0
[45b445bb] CUDSS v0.6.7
[d360d2e6] ChainRulesCore v1.26.0
[523fee87] CodecBzip2 v0.8.5
[944b1d66] CodecZlib v0.7.8
[35d6a980] ColorSchemes v3.31.0
[3da002f7] ColorTypes v0.12.1
[c3611d14] ColorVectorSpace v0.11.0
[5ae59095] Colors v0.13.1
[38540f10] CommonSolve v0.2.6
[bbf7d656] CommonSubexpressions v0.3.1
[34da2185] Compat v4.18.1
[f0e56b4a] ConcurrentUtilities v2.5.1
[d38c429a] Contour v0.6.3
[a8cc5b0e] Crayons v4.1.1
[9a962f9c] DataAPI v1.16.0
[a93c6f00] DataFrames v1.8.1
[864edb3b] DataStructures v0.19.3
[e2d170a0] DataValueInterfaces v1.0.0
[8bb1440f] DelimitedFiles v1.9.1
[163ba53b] DiffResults v1.1.0
[b552c78f] DiffRules v1.15.1
[ffbed154] DocStringExtensions v0.9.5
⌃ [1037b233] ExaModels v0.9.3
[460bff9d] ExceptionUnwrapping v0.1.11
[e2ba6199] ExprTools v0.1.10
[c87230d0] FFMPEG v0.4.5
[9aa1b823] FastClosures v0.3.2
[1a297f60] FillArrays v1.16.0
[53c48c17] FixedPointNumbers v0.8.5
[1fa38f19] Format v1.3.7
[f6369f11] ForwardDiff v1.3.2
[069b7b12] FunctionWrappers v1.1.3
[0c68f7d7] GPUArrays v11.4.1
[46192b85] GPUArraysCore v0.2.0
[61eb1bfa] GPUCompiler v1.8.2
[096a3bc2] GPUToolbox v1.0.0
[28b8d3ca] GR v0.73.24
[42e2da0e] Grisu v1.0.2
[34c5aeac] HSL v0.5.2
[cd3eb016] HTTP v1.11.0
[076d061b] HashArrayMappedTries v0.2.0
[842dd82b] InlineStrings v1.4.5
[a98d9a8b] Interpolations v0.16.2
[41ab1584] InvertedIndices v1.3.1
[b6b21f68] Ipopt v1.14.1
[92d709cd] IrrationalConstants v0.2.6
[82899510] IteratorInterfaceExtensions v1.0.0
[1019f520] JLFzf v0.1.11
[692b3bcd] JLLWrappers v1.7.1
[682c06a0] JSON v1.4.0
[4076af6c] JuMP v1.30.0
[63c18a36] KernelAbstractions v0.9.40
[40e66cde] LDLFactorizations v0.10.1
[929cbde3] LLVM v9.4.6
[8b046642] LLVMLoopInfo v1.0.0
[b964fa9f] LaTeXStrings v1.4.0
[23fbe1c1] Latexify v0.16.10
[5c8ed15e] LinearOperators v2.13.0
[2ab3a3ac] LogExpFunctions v0.3.29
[e6f89c97] LoggingExtras v1.2.0
[33e6dc65] MKL v0.9.1
[d8e11817] MLStyle v0.4.17
[1914dd2f] MacroTools v0.5.16
⌅ [2621e9c9] MadNLP v0.8.12
⌅ [d72a61cc] MadNLPGPU v0.7.18
[3b83494e] MadNLPMumps v0.5.1
[b8f27783] MathOptInterface v1.49.0
[739be429] MbedTLS v1.1.10
[442fdcdd] Measures v0.3.3
[2679e427] Metis v1.5.0
[e1d29d7a] Missings v1.2.0
[d8a4904e] MutableArithmetics v1.6.7
[a4795742] NLPModels v0.21.11
[f4238b75] NLPModelsIpopt v0.11.2
[e01155f1] NLPModelsModifiers v0.7.4
[5da4648a] NVTX v1.0.3
[77ba4419] NaNMath v1.1.3
[6fe1bfb0] OffsetArrays v1.17.0
[4d8831e6] OpenSSL v1.6.1
⌅ [5f98b655] OptimalControl v1.1.6
[59046045] OptimalControlProblems v0.5.0
[bac558e1] OrderedCollections v1.8.1
[d96e819e] Parameters v0.12.3
[69de0a69] Parsers v2.8.3
[ccf2f8ad] PlotThemes v3.3.0
[995b91a9] PlotUtils v1.4.4
[91a5bcdd] Plots v1.41.6
[2dfb63ee] PooledArrays v1.4.3
[aea7be01] PrecompileTools v1.3.3
[21216c6a] Preferences v1.5.2
[08abe8d2] PrettyTables v3.2.3
[43287f4e] PtrArrays v1.4.0
[be4d8f0f] Quadmath v0.5.13
[74087812] Random123 v1.7.1
[e6cf234a] RandomNumbers v1.6.0
[c84ed2f1] Ratios v0.4.5
[3cdcf5f2] RecipesBase v1.3.4
[01d81517] RecipesPipeline v0.6.12
[189a3867] Reexport v1.2.2
[05181044] RelocatableFolders v1.0.1
[ae029012] Requires v1.3.1
[37e2e3b7] ReverseDiff v1.16.2
[7e506255] ScopedValues v1.6.0
[6c6a2e73] Scratch v1.3.0
[91c51154] SentinelArrays v1.4.9
[992d4aef] Showoff v1.0.3
[777ac1f9] SimpleBufferStream v1.2.0
[ff4d7338] SolverCore v0.3.10
[a2af1166] SortingAlgorithms v1.2.2
[9f842d2f] SparseConnectivityTracer v1.2.1
[0a514795] SparseMatrixColorings v0.4.24
[276daf66] SpecialFunctions v2.7.1
[860ef19b] StableRNGs v1.0.4
[90137ffa] StaticArrays v1.9.17
[1e83bf80] StaticArraysCore v1.4.4
[10745b16] Statistics v1.11.1
[82ae8749] StatsAPI v1.8.0
[2913bbd2] StatsBase v0.34.10
[892a3eda] StringManipulation v0.4.4
[ec057cc2] StructUtils v2.6.3
[3783bdb8] TableTraits v1.0.1
[bd369af6] Tables v1.12.1
[62fd8b95] TensorCore v0.1.1
[a759f4b9] TimerOutputs v0.5.29
[e689c965] Tracy v0.1.6
[3bb67fe8] TranscodingStreams v0.11.3
[5c2747f8] URIs v1.6.1
[3a884ed6] UnPack v1.0.2
[1cfade01] UnicodeFun v0.4.1
[013be700] UnsafeAtomics v0.3.0
[41fe7b60] Unzip v0.2.0
[efce3f68] WoodburyMatrices v1.1.0
[ae81ac8f] ASL_jll v0.1.3+0
[6e34b625] Bzip2_jll v1.0.9+0
[d1e2174e] CUDA_Compiler_jll v0.4.1+1
[4ee394cb] CUDA_Driver_jll v13.1.1+0
[76a88914] CUDA_Runtime_jll v0.20.1+0
[4889d778] CUDSS_jll v0.7.1+0
[83423d85] Cairo_jll v1.18.5+1
[ee1fde0b] Dbus_jll v1.16.2+0
[2702e6a9] EpollShim_jll v0.0.20230411+1
[2e619515] Expat_jll v2.7.3+0
[b22a6f82] FFMPEG_jll v8.0.1+0
[a3f928ae] Fontconfig_jll v2.17.1+0
[d7e528f0] FreeType2_jll v2.13.4+0
[559328eb] FriBidi_jll v1.0.17+0
[0656b61e] GLFW_jll v3.4.1+0
[d2c73de3] GR_jll v0.73.24+0
[b0724c58] GettextRuntime_jll v0.22.4+0
[61579ee1] Ghostscript_jll v9.55.1+0
[7746bdde] Glib_jll v2.86.3+0
[3b182d85] Graphite2_jll v1.3.15+0
[017b0a0e] HSL_jll v4.0.4+0
[2e76f6c2] HarfBuzz_jll v8.5.1+0
[e33a78d0] Hwloc_jll v2.13.0+0
[1d5cc7b8] IntelOpenMP_jll v2025.2.0+0
[9cc047cb] Ipopt_jll v300.1400.1901+0
[aacddb02] JpegTurbo_jll v3.1.4+0
[9c1d0b0a] JuliaNVTXCallbacks_jll v0.2.1+0
[c1c5ebd0] LAME_jll v3.100.3+0
[88015f11] LERC_jll v4.0.1+0
[dad2f222] LLVMExtra_jll v0.0.38+0
[1d63c593] LLVMOpenMP_jll v18.1.8+0
[dd4b983a] LZO_jll v2.10.3+0
[ad6e5548] LibTracyClient_jll v0.13.1+0
⌅ [e9f186c6] Libffi_jll v3.4.7+0
[7e76a0d4] Libglvnd_jll v1.7.1+1
[94ce4f54] Libiconv_jll v1.18.0+0
[4b2f31a3] Libmount_jll v2.41.3+0
[89763e89] Libtiff_jll v4.7.2+0
[38a345b3] Libuuid_jll v2.41.3+0
[d00139f3] METIS_jll v5.1.3+0
[856f044c] MKL_jll v2025.2.0+0
[d7ed1dd3] MUMPS_seq_jll v500.800.200+0
[c8ffd9c3] MbedTLS_jll v2.28.1010+0
[e98f9f5b] NVTX_jll v3.2.2+0
[e7412a2a] Ogg_jll v1.3.6+0
[656ef2d0] OpenBLAS32_jll v0.3.30+0
[efe28fd5] OpenSpecFun_jll v0.5.6+0
[91d4177d] Opus_jll v1.6.1+0
[36c8627f] Pango_jll v1.57.0+0
⌅ [30392449] Pixman_jll v0.44.2+0
[c0090381] Qt6Base_jll v6.10.2+1
[629bc702] Qt6Declarative_jll v6.10.2+1
[ce943373] Qt6ShaderTools_jll v6.10.2+1
[6de9746b] Qt6Svg_jll v6.10.2+0
[e99dba38] Qt6Wayland_jll v6.10.2+1
[319450e9] SPRAL_jll v2025.9.18+0
[a44049a8] Vulkan_Loader_jll v1.3.243+0
[a2964d1f] Wayland_jll v1.24.0+0
⌅ [02c8fc9c] XML2_jll v2.13.9+0
[ffd25f8a] XZ_jll v5.8.2+0
[f67eecfb] Xorg_libICE_jll v1.1.2+0
[c834827a] Xorg_libSM_jll v1.2.6+0
[4f6342f7] Xorg_libX11_jll v1.8.13+0
[0c0b7dd1] Xorg_libXau_jll v1.0.13+0
[935fb764] Xorg_libXcursor_jll v1.2.4+0
[a3789734] Xorg_libXdmcp_jll v1.1.6+0
[1082639a] Xorg_libXext_jll v1.3.8+0
[d091e8ba] Xorg_libXfixes_jll v6.0.2+0
[a51aa0fd] Xorg_libXi_jll v1.8.3+0
[d1454406] Xorg_libXinerama_jll v1.1.7+0
[ec84b674] Xorg_libXrandr_jll v1.5.6+0
[ea2f1a96] Xorg_libXrender_jll v0.9.12+0
[a65dc6b1] Xorg_libpciaccess_jll v0.18.1+0
[c7cfdc94] Xorg_libxcb_jll v1.17.1+0
[cc61e674] Xorg_libxkbfile_jll v1.2.0+0
[e920d4aa] Xorg_xcb_util_cursor_jll v0.1.6+0
[12413925] Xorg_xcb_util_image_jll v0.4.1+0
[2def613f] Xorg_xcb_util_jll v0.4.1+0
[975044d2] Xorg_xcb_util_keysyms_jll v0.4.1+0
[0d47668e] Xorg_xcb_util_renderutil_jll v0.3.10+0
[c22f9ab0] Xorg_xcb_util_wm_jll v0.4.2+0
[35661453] Xorg_xkbcomp_jll v1.4.7+0
[33bec58e] Xorg_xkeyboard_config_jll v2.44.0+0
[c5fb5394] Xorg_xtrans_jll v1.6.0+0
[3161d3a3] Zstd_jll v1.5.7+1
[1e29f10c] demumble_jll v1.3.0+0
[35ca27e7] eudev_jll v3.2.14+0
[214eeab7] fzf_jll v0.61.1+0
[a4ae2306] libaom_jll v3.13.1+0
[0ac62f75] libass_jll v0.17.4+0
[1183f4f0] libdecor_jll v0.2.2+0
[2db6ffa8] libevdev_jll v1.13.4+0
[f638f0a6] libfdk_aac_jll v2.0.4+0
[36db933b] libinput_jll v1.28.1+0
[b53b4c65] libpng_jll v1.6.55+0
[f27f6e37] libvorbis_jll v1.3.8+0
[009596ad] mtdev_jll v1.1.7+0
[1317d2d5] oneTBB_jll v2022.0.0+1
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[d8fb68d0] xkbcommon_jll v1.13.0+0
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[b77e0a4c] InteractiveUtils v1.11.0
[ac6e5ff7] JuliaSyntaxHighlighting v1.12.0
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[b27032c2] LibCURL v0.6.4
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[a63ad114] Mmap v1.11.0
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[44cfe95a] Pkg v1.12.1
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[3fa0cd96] REPL v1.11.0
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[f489334b] StyledStrings v1.11.0
[4607b0f0] SuiteSparse
[fa267f1f] TOML v1.0.3
[a4e569a6] Tar v1.10.0
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[e66e0078] CompilerSupportLibraries_jll v1.3.0+1
[deac9b47] LibCURL_jll v8.15.0+0
[e37daf67] LibGit2_jll v1.9.0+0
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[14a3606d] MozillaCACerts_jll v2025.11.4
[4536629a] OpenBLAS_jll v0.3.29+0
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[8e850b90] libblastrampoline_jll v5.15.0+0
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Info Packages marked with ⌃ and ⌅ have new versions available. Those with ⌃ may be upgradable, but those with ⌅ are restricted by compatibility constraints from upgrading. To see why use `status --outdated -m` 📈 Time vs Grid Size (KKT GPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 1000 (KKT GPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 5000 (KKT GPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 10000 (KKT GPU)
🧭 Solution: N = 20000 (KKT GPU)
📊 Table of Results (KKT GPU)
Problem: glider
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | 1000 | exa | madnlp | 845.956 | 102 | -1247.984921 | min | |
| ✓ | 1000 | exa_gpu | madnlp | 520.614 | 29 | -1247.985808 | min | ✓ |
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | 5000 | exa | madnlp | 749.463 | 16 | -1247.987493 | min | ✓ |
| ✓ | 5000 | exa_gpu | madnlp | 914.104 | 21 | -1247.990343 | min |
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | 10000 | exa | madnlp | 1567.835 | 16 | -1247.987572 | min | |
| ✓ | 10000 | exa_gpu | madnlp | 1492.368 | 22 | -1247.992874 | min | ✓ |
| Success | N | Model | Solver | Time (ms) | Iters | Objective | Criterion | Best |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ✓ | 20000 | exa | madnlp | 3758.661 | 17 | -1247.987589 | min | |
| ✓ | 20000 | exa_gpu | madnlp | 2777.214 | 19 | -1247.997891 | min | ✓ |
Benchmarks results:
┌─ Problem: glider
│
├──┬ Solver: madnlp, Discretization: midpoint
│ │
│ │ N = 1000
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 845.956 ms | iters: 102 | obj: -1.247985e+03 (min) | CPU: 62.56 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa_gpu | time: 520.614 ms | iters: 29 | obj: -1.247986e+03 (min) | CPU: 29.446 MiB | GPU: 55.065 MiB
│ │
│ │ N = 5000
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 749.463 ms | iters: 16 | obj: -1.247987e+03 (min) | CPU: 122.33 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa_gpu | time: 914.104 ms | iters: 21 | obj: -1.247990e+03 (min) | CPU: 35.738 MiB | GPU: 267.906 MiB
│ │
│ │ N = 10000
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 1.568 s | iters: 16 | obj: -1.247988e+03 (min) | CPU: 244.26 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa_gpu | time: 1.492 s | iters: 22 | obj: -1.247993e+03 (min) | CPU: 51.865 MiB | GPU: 536.938 MiB
│ │
│ │ N = 20000
│ │ ✓ | exa | time: 3.759 s | iters: 17 | obj: -1.247988e+03 (min) | CPU: 495.91 MiB
│ │ ✓ | exa_gpu | time: 2.777 s | iters: 19 | obj: -1.247998e+03 (min) | CPU: 84.240 MiB | GPU: 1.038 GiB
│ └─
└─