Core benchmark: robbins

This page presents benchmark results for the robbins problem across different platforms and configurations.

Note

The linear solver is MUMPS for all experiments.

Ubuntu Latest CPU

This benchmark suite evaluates optimal control problems on a standard CPU platform using GitHub Actions runners.

⚙️ Configuration

  • Problems: beam, chain, double_oscillator, electric_vehicle, glider, insurance, jackson, robbins, robot, rocket, space_shuttle, steering, vanderpol

  • Solvers: ipopt, madnlp

  • Models: adnlp, exa, jump

  • Grid sizes: 200, 500, 1000, 2000 discretization points

  • Discretization: trapeze method

  • Tolerance: 1.0e-8

  • Ipopt strategy: adaptive barrier parameter

  • Limits: 1000 iterations max, 500.0s wall time

🖥️ Environment

📅 Timestamp     : 2025-11-17 15:16:44 UTC
🔧 Julia version : 1.11.7
💻 OS            : Linux
🖥️ Machine       : runnervmg1sw1

You can download the exact environment used for this benchmark:

These files allow you to reproduce the benchmark environment and results exactly.

Julia Version 1.11.7
Commit f2b3dbda30a (2025-09-08 12:10 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org/ release
Platform Info:
  OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
  CPU: 4 × AMD EPYC 7763 64-Core Processor
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LLVM: libLLVM-16.0.6 (ORCJIT, znver3)
Threads: 1 default, 0 interactive, 1 GC (on 4 virtual cores)
Environment:
  JULIA_PKG_SERVER_REGISTRY_PREFERENCE = eager
Project CTBenchmarks v0.2.3
Status `~/work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Project.toml`
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Info Packages marked with  have new versions available and may be upgradable.
Project CTBenchmarks v0.2.3
Status `~/work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Manifest.toml`
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Info Packages marked with  and  have new versions available. Those with  may be upgradable, but those with  are restricted by compatibility constraints from upgrading. To see why use `status --outdated -m`

📈 Time vs Grid Size (Ubuntu Latest CPU)

🔁 Iterations vs CPU time (Ubuntu Latest CPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 200 (Ubuntu Latest CPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 500 (Ubuntu Latest CPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 1000 (Ubuntu Latest CPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 2000 (Ubuntu Latest CPU)

📊 Table of Results (Ubuntu Latest CPU)

Problem: robbins

SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
200adnlpipopt33.5421919.626260min
200adnlpmadnlp44.0313419.626260min
200exaipopt23.5001919.626260min
200examadnlp27.5603419.626260min
200jumpipopt24.8631919.626260min
200jumpmadnlp26.7003419.626260min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
500adnlpipopt70.9581819.466633min
500adnlpmadnlp86.8842919.466633min
500exaipopt51.9241819.466633min
500examadnlp53.8612919.466633min
500jumpipopt51.7431819.466633min
500jumpmadnlp56.0773119.466633min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
1000adnlpipopt210.1912719.440191min
1000adnlpmadnlp332.0845019.440191min
1000exaipopt139.4352719.440191min
1000examadnlp172.9225019.440191min
1000jumpipopt136.6482719.440191min
1000jumpmadnlp171.1875019.440191min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
2000adnlpipopt582.7153019.433915min
2000adnlpmadnlp759.3644319.433916min
2000exaipopt320.6493019.433915min
2000examadnlp384.5604319.433916min
2000jumpipopt301.3353019.433915min
2000jumpmadnlp352.2484319.433916min
Benchmarks results:

┌─ Problem: robbins
│
├──┬ Solver: ipopt, Discretization: trapeze
│  │
│  │  N = 200
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:  24.863 ms | iters: 19    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:  20.03 KiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:  33.542 ms | iters: 19    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:   3.48 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:  23.500 ms | iters: 19    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:  95.55 KiB
│  │
│  │  N = 500
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:  51.743 ms | iters: 18    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:  18.41 KiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:  70.958 ms | iters: 18    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:   8.08 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:  51.924 ms | iters: 18    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU: 180.92 KiB
│  │
│  │  N = 1000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time: 136.648 ms | iters: 27    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  26.03 KiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time: 210.191 ms | iters: 27    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  23.33 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time: 139.435 ms | iters: 27    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU: 334.64 KiB
│  │
│  │  N = 2000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time: 301.335 ms | iters: 30    | obj: 1.943391e+01  (min) | CPU:  28.56 KiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time: 582.715 ms | iters: 30    | obj: 1.943391e+01  (min) | CPU:  51.38 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time: 320.649 ms | iters: 30    | obj: 1.943391e+01  (min) | CPU: 626.80 KiB
│  └─
│
├──┬ Solver: madnlp, Discretization: trapeze
│  │
│  │  N = 200
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:  26.700 ms | iters: 34    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:   3.20 MiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:  44.031 ms | iters: 34    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:   8.57 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:  27.560 ms | iters: 34    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:   2.95 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 500
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:  56.077 ms | iters: 31    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:   6.63 MiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:  86.884 ms | iters: 29    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:  17.86 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:  53.861 ms | iters: 29    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:   5.98 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 1000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time: 171.187 ms | iters: 50    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  17.09 MiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time: 332.084 ms | iters: 50    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  56.41 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time: 172.922 ms | iters: 50    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  15.75 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 2000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time: 352.248 ms | iters: 43    | obj: 1.943392e+01  (min) | CPU:  28.73 MiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time: 759.364 ms | iters: 43    | obj: 1.943392e+01  (min) | CPU:  97.84 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time: 384.560 ms | iters: 43    | obj: 1.943392e+01  (min) | CPU:  27.86 MiB
│  └─
└─

Moonshot CPU

Results on self-hosted CPU hardware.

⚙️ Configuration

  • Problems: beam, chain, double_oscillator, electric_vehicle, glider, insurance, jackson, robbins, robot, rocket, space_shuttle, steering, vanderpol

  • Solvers: ipopt, madnlp

  • Models: adnlp, exa, jump

  • Grid sizes: 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000 discretization points

  • Discretization: trapeze method

  • Tolerance: 1.0e-8

  • Ipopt strategy: adaptive barrier parameter

  • Limits: 1000 iterations max, 400.0s wall time

🖥️ Environment

📅 Timestamp     : 2025-11-17 19:47:37 UTC
🔧 Julia version : 1.11.7
💻 OS            : Linux
🖥️ Machine       : moonshot

You can download the exact environment used for this benchmark:

These files allow you to reproduce the benchmark environment and results exactly.

Julia Version 1.11.7
Commit f2b3dbda30a (2025-09-08 12:10 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org/ release
Platform Info:
  OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
  CPU: 144 × Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6140 CPU @ 2.30GHz
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LLVM: libLLVM-16.0.6 (ORCJIT, skylake-avx512)
Threads: 16 default, 0 interactive, 8 GC (on 144 virtual cores)
Environment:
  JULIA_PKG_SERVER_REGISTRY_PREFERENCE = eager
  JULIA_DEPOT_PATH = /scratch/github-actions/julia_depot
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH = /home/mschanen/local/lib:/home/mschanen/local/lib:
  JULIA_NUM_THREADS = 16
Project CTBenchmarks v0.2.3
Status `/scratch/github-actions/actions_runner_control_toolbox/_work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Project.toml`
  [6e4b80f9] BenchmarkTools v1.6.3
 [54762871] CTBase v0.16.2
  [052768ef] CUDA v5.9.4
  [a93c6f00] DataFrames v1.8.1
  [ffbed154] DocStringExtensions v0.9.5
  [b6b21f68] Ipopt v1.13.0
  [682c06a0] JSON v1.3.0
  [4076af6c] JuMP v1.29.3
  [d72a61cc] MadNLPGPU v0.7.16
  [3b83494e] MadNLPMumps v0.5.1
  [f4238b75] NLPModelsIpopt v0.11.0
  [5f98b655] OptimalControl v1.1.6
  [59046045] OptimalControlProblems v0.3.2
  [91a5bcdd] Plots v1.41.1
  [bd369af6] Tables v1.12.1
  [ade2ca70] Dates v1.11.0
  [b77e0a4c] InteractiveUtils v1.11.0
  [44cfe95a] Pkg v1.11.0
  [de0858da] Printf v1.11.0
  [6462fe0b] Sockets v1.11.0
Info Packages marked with  have new versions available and may be upgradable.
Project CTBenchmarks v0.2.3
Status `/scratch/github-actions/actions_runner_control_toolbox/_work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Manifest.toml`
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Info Packages marked with  and  have new versions available. Those with  may be upgradable, but those with  are restricted by compatibility constraints from upgrading. To see why use `status --outdated -m`

📈 Time vs Grid Size (Moonshot CPU)

🔁 Iterations vs CPU time (Moonshot CPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 200 (Moonshot CPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 500 (Moonshot CPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 1000 (Moonshot CPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 2000 (Moonshot CPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 5000 (Moonshot CPU)

📊 Table of Results (Moonshot CPU)

Problem: robbins

SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
200adnlpipopt37.5271919.626260min
200adnlpmadnlp49.2923419.626260min
200exaipopt26.4791919.626260min
200examadnlp28.9543419.626260min
200jumpipopt26.8311919.626260min
200jumpmadnlp29.3633419.626260min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
500adnlpipopt80.7521819.466633min
500adnlpmadnlp102.9973119.466633min
500exaipopt55.9071819.466633min
500examadnlp56.7582919.466633min
500jumpipopt53.8121819.466633min
500jumpmadnlp56.3952919.466633min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
1000adnlpipopt241.4622719.440191min
1000adnlpmadnlp365.3455019.440191min
1000exaipopt146.1472719.440191min
1000examadnlp181.8305019.440191min
1000jumpipopt143.1012719.440191min
1000jumpmadnlp182.1235019.440191min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
2000adnlpipopt701.1973019.433915min
2000adnlpmadnlp1021.7294419.433916min
2000exaipopt325.3563019.433915min
2000examadnlp446.4294319.433916min
2000jumpipopt313.9433019.433915min
2000jumpmadnlp406.3714319.433916min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
5000adnlpipopt3698.7954819.432123min
5000adnlpmadnlp4848.8307719.432125min
5000exaipopt1072.9403719.432124min
5000examadnlp1947.2027719.432125min
5000jumpipopt1268.7973619.432131min
5000jumpmadnlp1898.1927719.432125min
Benchmarks results:

┌─ Problem: robbins
│
├──┬ Solver: ipopt, Discretization: trapeze
│  │
│  │  N = 200
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:  26.831 ms | iters: 19    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:  20.03 KiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:  37.527 ms | iters: 19    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:   3.50 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:  26.479 ms | iters: 19    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:  95.55 KiB
│  │
│  │  N = 500
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:  53.812 ms | iters: 18    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:  18.41 KiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:  80.752 ms | iters: 18    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:   8.08 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:  55.907 ms | iters: 18    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU: 180.92 KiB
│  │
│  │  N = 1000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time: 143.101 ms | iters: 27    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  26.03 KiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time: 241.462 ms | iters: 27    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  23.33 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time: 146.147 ms | iters: 27    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU: 334.64 KiB
│  │
│  │  N = 2000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time: 313.943 ms | iters: 30    | obj: 1.943391e+01  (min) | CPU:  28.56 KiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time: 701.197 ms | iters: 30    | obj: 1.943391e+01  (min) | CPU:  51.38 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time: 325.356 ms | iters: 30    | obj: 1.943391e+01  (min) | CPU: 626.80 KiB
│  │
│  │  N = 5000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:   1.269 s  | iters: 36    | obj: 1.943213e+01  (min) | CPU:  34.41 KiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:   3.699 s  | iters: 48    | obj: 1.943212e+01  (min) | CPU: 200.45 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:   1.073 s  | iters: 37    | obj: 1.943212e+01  (min) | CPU:   1.47 MiB
│  └─
│
├──┬ Solver: madnlp, Discretization: trapeze
│  │
│  │  N = 200
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:  29.363 ms | iters: 34    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:   3.20 MiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:  49.292 ms | iters: 34    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:   8.57 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:  28.954 ms | iters: 34    | obj: 1.962626e+01  (min) | CPU:   2.95 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 500
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:  56.395 ms | iters: 29    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:   6.36 MiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time: 102.997 ms | iters: 31    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:  19.03 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:  56.758 ms | iters: 29    | obj: 1.946663e+01  (min) | CPU:   5.98 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 1000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time: 182.123 ms | iters: 50    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  17.09 MiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time: 365.345 ms | iters: 50    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  56.41 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time: 181.830 ms | iters: 50    | obj: 1.944019e+01  (min) | CPU:  15.75 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 2000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time: 406.371 ms | iters: 43    | obj: 1.943392e+01  (min) | CPU:  28.73 MiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:   1.022 s  | iters: 44    | obj: 1.943392e+01  (min) | CPU:  99.86 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time: 446.429 ms | iters: 43    | obj: 1.943392e+01  (min) | CPU:  27.86 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 5000
│  │  ✓ | jump     | time:   1.898 s  | iters: 77    | obj: 1.943213e+01  (min) | CPU: 105.99 MiB
│  │  ✓ | adnlp    | time:   4.849 s  | iters: 77    | obj: 1.943213e+01  (min) | CPU: 415.00 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:   1.947 s  | iters: 77    | obj: 1.943213e+01  (min) | CPU: 103.89 MiB
│  └─
└─

Moonshot GPU

Results on self-hosted GPU hardware.

⚙️ Configuration

  • Problems: beam, chain, double_oscillator, electric_vehicle, glider, insurance, jackson, robbins, robot, rocket, space_shuttle, steering, vanderpol

  • Solvers: madnlp

  • Models: exa, exa_gpu

  • Grid sizes: 1000, 5000, 10000, 20000 discretization points

  • Discretization: trapeze method

  • Tolerance: 1.0e-6

  • Ipopt strategy: adaptive barrier parameter

  • Limits: 1000 iterations max, 1000.0s wall time

🖥️ Environment

📅 Timestamp     : 2025-11-17 22:08:51 UTC
🔧 Julia version : 1.11.7
💻 OS            : Linux
🖥️ Machine       : moonshot

You can download the exact environment used for this benchmark:

These files allow you to reproduce the benchmark environment and results exactly.

Julia Version 1.11.7
Commit f2b3dbda30a (2025-09-08 12:10 UTC)
Build Info:
  Official https://julialang.org/ release
Platform Info:
  OS: Linux (x86_64-linux-gnu)
  CPU: 144 × Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 6140 CPU @ 2.30GHz
  WORD_SIZE: 64
  LLVM: libLLVM-16.0.6 (ORCJIT, skylake-avx512)
Threads: 16 default, 0 interactive, 8 GC (on 144 virtual cores)
Environment:
  JULIA_PKG_SERVER_REGISTRY_PREFERENCE = eager
  JULIA_DEPOT_PATH = /scratch/github-actions/julia_depot
  LD_LIBRARY_PATH = /home/mschanen/local/lib:/home/mschanen/local/lib:
  JULIA_NUM_THREADS = 16
Project CTBenchmarks v0.2.3
Status `/scratch/github-actions/actions_runner_control_toolbox/_work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Project.toml`
  [6e4b80f9] BenchmarkTools v1.6.3
 [54762871] CTBase v0.16.2
  [052768ef] CUDA v5.9.4
  [a93c6f00] DataFrames v1.8.1
  [ffbed154] DocStringExtensions v0.9.5
  [b6b21f68] Ipopt v1.13.0
  [682c06a0] JSON v1.3.0
  [4076af6c] JuMP v1.29.3
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Info Packages marked with  have new versions available and may be upgradable.
Project CTBenchmarks v0.2.3
Status `/scratch/github-actions/actions_runner_control_toolbox/_work/CTBenchmarks.jl/CTBenchmarks.jl/Manifest.toml`
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Info Packages marked with  and  have new versions available. Those with  may be upgradable, but those with  are restricted by compatibility constraints from upgrading. To see why use `status --outdated -m`

📈 Time vs Grid Size (Moonshot GPU)

🔁 Iterations vs CPU time (Moonshot GPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 1000 (Moonshot GPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 5000 (Moonshot GPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 10000 (Moonshot GPU)

🧭 Solution: N = 20000 (Moonshot GPU)

📊 Table of Results (Moonshot GPU)

Problem: robbins

SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
1000examadnlp166.8474719.440235min
1000exa_gpumadnlp199.7372519.421595min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
5000examadnlp1869.5406319.432348min
5000exa_gpumadnlp941.77810719.340956min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
10000examadnlp2971.0474319.432324min
10000exa_gpumadnlp919.5258819.250629min
SuccessNModelSolverTime (ms)ItersObjectiveCriterionBest
20000examadnlp8392.1186019.432735min
20000exa_gpumadnlp2669.08020319.071924min
Benchmarks results:

┌─ Problem: robbins
│
├──┬ Solver: madnlp, Discretization: trapeze
│  │
│  │  N = 1000
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time: 166.847 ms | iters: 47    | obj: 1.944023e+01  (min) | CPU:  15.11 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa_gpu  | time: 199.737 ms | iters: 25    | obj: 1.942160e+01  (min) | CPU: 10.044 MiB | GPU: 17.509 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 5000
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:   1.870 s  | iters: 63    | obj: 1.943235e+01  (min) | CPU:  89.39 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa_gpu  | time: 941.778 ms | iters: 107   | obj: 1.934096e+01  (min) | CPU: 39.933 MiB | GPU: 130.364 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 10000
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:   2.971 s  | iters: 43    | obj: 1.943232e+01  (min) | CPU: 136.58 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa_gpu  | time: 919.525 ms | iters: 88    | obj: 1.925063e+01  (min) | CPU: 37.539 MiB | GPU: 240.557 MiB
│  │
│  │  N = 20000
│  │  ✓ | exa      | time:   8.392 s  | iters: 60    | obj: 1.943274e+01  (min) | CPU: 342.63 MiB
│  │  ✓ | exa_gpu  | time:   2.669 s  | iters: 203   | obj: 1.907192e+01  (min) | CPU: 82.771 MiB | GPU: 719.887 MiB
│  └─
└─